An array in PHP is a special variable that can hold multiple values under a single name. Instead of creating separate variables for each value, an array lets you store and manage a group of related data efficiently.
Arrays are one of the most important data structures in PHP, widely used for storing lists, user data, records, and configuration values.
Types of Arrays in PHP
PHP supports three main types of arrays:
1. Indexed Array (Numeric Array)
These arrays use numeric indexes, starting from 0.
Example:
$fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"];
echo $fruits[0]; // Output: Apple
2. Associative Array
These arrays use named keys instead of numbers.
Example:
$user = [
"name" => "Sagar",
"role" => "Developer",
"age" => 25
];
echo $user["name"]; // Output: Sagar
3. Multidimensional Array
An array that contains one or more nested arrays.
Example:
$employees = [
["John", "Manager"],
["Sagar", "Developer"],
["Aman", "Designer"]
];
echo $employees[1][1]; // Output: Developer
Why Use Arrays?
- Store multiple values in a single variable
- Easily loop through large sets of data
- Organize and structure information
- Make functions and logic cleaner and reusable
Common Array Functions
PHP provides many built-in array functions:
| Function | Use |
|---|---|
count() | Counts number of elements |
array_push() | Adds values to end |
array_pop() | Removes last element |
array_merge() | Combines arrays |
in_array() | Checks if value exists |
array_keys() | Returns all keys |
Example Using Array Functions:
$numbers = [10, 20, 30];
array_push($numbers, 40);
echo count($numbers); // Output: 4
Example: Simple Array Use Case
$marks = [
"Math" => 90,
"English" => 85,
"Science" => 92
];
foreach ($marks as $subject => $score) {
echo "$subject: $score <br>";
}
Conclusion
An array in PHP is a powerful structure that allows you to store multiple values, organize data, and perform operations efficiently. Whether you’re handling lists, user profiles, or complex datasets, arrays are essential in PHP development.
Citations
🔗 View other articles about PHP:
http://savanka.com/category/learn/php/
🔗 External PHP Documentation:
https://www.php.net/manual/en/