Python is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language, and classes are the blueprint for creating objects. Objects represent real-world entities and encapsulate data (attributes) and behavior (methods). Why Classes and Objects…

Generators in Python are special iterators that produce items lazily, meaning they generate values one at a time and do not store the entire sequence in memory. The yield keyword…

Python provides functional programming tools such as map(), filter(), and reduce() to process data efficiently. map() – Apply a function to all items in an iterable filter() – Filter items…

Python lambda functions are anonymous, one-line functions defined using the lambda keyword. They are commonly used for short, simple operations where a full function definition is unnecessary. Syntax: lambda arguments:…

Python provides the datetime and time modules to handle dates, times, and timestamps. These operations are crucial for time-based calculations, scheduling tasks, logging events, and working with APIs. from datetime…

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data format commonly used for data exchange between systems. Python’s json module allows you to parse, serialize, and manipulate JSON data efficiently. JSON…

Regular expressions (regex) in Python allow you to search, match, and manipulate text based on patterns. They are powerful for string validation, data extraction, and text processing. Python provides the…

File handling in Python allows you to read from and write to files, making it possible to store, retrieve, and process data. Python provides built-in functions and modes for file…

In Python, exceptions are errors that occur during program execution. Exception handling allows you to catch and manage errors gracefully without crashing the program. Python provides the following constructs: try:…

Python provides a collection of built-in functions that are always available without importing any module. These functions help perform common tasks quickly, such as type conversions, mathematical operations, input/output, and…