Climate Change and Global Warming
Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and weather patterns on Earth.
Global warming is the rise in Earth’s average surface temperature due to human activities and greenhouse gas emissions.
Causes
- Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
- Deforestation and land-use changes
- Industrial emissions and greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O)
- Agricultural practices and livestock
Effects
- Rising sea levels and melting glaciers
- Extreme weather events (storms, droughts, heatwaves)
- Loss of biodiversity and habitats
- Threats to agriculture, water resources, and human health
Solutions and Mitigation
- Reduce greenhouse gas emissions (renewable energy, energy efficiency)
- Afforestation and reforestation
- Sustainable agriculture and waste management
- International agreements (Paris Agreement, Kyoto Protocol)
- Public awareness and education
Importance of Action
- Protects ecosystems and biodiversity
- Ensures food, water, and energy security
- Reduces risks to human health and livelihoods
- Supports sustainable development goals
Conclusion
Climate change and global warming are critical environmental challenges. Understanding their causes, effects, and solutions is essential for protecting life on Earth and promoting sustainability.